Explosive-engine.



E. J. & J. F. WOOLF.

EXPLOSIVB ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1912.

1,096,21 1 Patented May 12,1914.

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E. J. & J. F. WOOLF.

EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

' APPLICATION FILED MAY 1, 1912. l OQG Ql Patented May 12, 1914.

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E. J. & J. F. WOOLF.

v EXPLOSIVE ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED MAY 1,1912. 1,096,211, 7 Patented May 12, 1914 3 SHEETSSHEBT d 7 I Fly,

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UNITED s'rarns PATENT ornion.

TION OF ARIZONA.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that We, ELLIS J. WOOLF and AY F. WOOLF, citizens of the United States,

residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of'Minnesota, have in vented certain new and useful Improvements in Explosive-Engines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to explosive engines of the two cycle type, and has in View the provision in such an engine of a positive sliding sleeve valve which shall accurately control the opening and closing of the ex haust and intake ports.

As is well known in a two cycle engine, it is necessary for the exhaust and charging ports to be opened almost or quite simultaneously, the explosion gases passing from the cylinder through the exhaust ports at the time that the explosive mixture is being forced in through the charging ports.

It is the object of our invention to provide a valve member which shall be in effect a sleevesurrounding and outside of the explosion cylinder and which shall perform in properly timed sequence theoperations of connecting the crank chamber .W1th the carbureter or fuel supply at the proper moment,

thereafter opening the exhaust and admission ports for the required time, then closing said ports and opening ports for the admission of air to pass around outsideof the valve sleeve and through the exhaust chambers outside of the cylinder.

It is .a further b ect of our invention to so construct the aforesaid sleeve valve member that the cool explosive mixture from the carbureter will be compelled to pass through a passageway formed in the valve sleeve entirely around the same adjacent that part of thesleeve which comes next to the hot exhaust flame.

vIt is a further object of our invention 'to provide a double or compound-piston and cylinder in combination with the aforesaid sleeve valve such that air will be forced around through the exhaust chamber about the cylinder when the exhaust ports-are closed. 3

The full objects and advantages our in- ,ve'ntion will appear in, connection with the detailed description thereof, and are particularly pointed out in the claims 12 of well known cylinder 10 terminates Specification of Letters Patent. Patented May 12, 1914, Application filed May 1, 1912. Seria1 No.694,4 66.

In the drawings illustrating the applica tion of our invention in one form, Figure l is .a sectional elevation across the crank shaft. Fig. 2 is asectional plan online 22 of 1. Fig. 3 isa sectional elevation on line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a separate view, partly in section, of the sleeve valve. Fig. .5 is a fragmentary-view of the sleeve valve from another angle.

The engine comprises the inner cylinder 10 forming the combustion chamber 11in which the active portion of a cylinder piston construct-ion, operates. Cast integrally'with the cylinder 10 isan outer cylinder13 held spaced therefrom ad jacent the explosive chamber v11 by means of a partition 14, the space 15 above said partition being connected by means of open lngs 16 and 17 with water circulating means for'cooling the combustion chamber; The abruptly at a point removed from the crank shaft 21 and the piston 12 is provided with an expanded portion 22, the peripheral portions of which fit within a cylindrical member 13 corresponding exactly with cylinder portion 13. Cast integrally upon the outside of cylinder 13 is an additional casing member 23 which surrounds the upper portion of said outer cylinder, being spaced therefrom sufficiently to provide an exhaust chamber 24 leading to exhaust port 25. The cylindrical portions 13 and 23 terminate,. as indicated in the drawings, the cylindrical portion 23 resting upon extensions 26, 27, 29 and 30 integrally cast upon diametrically opposed portions of thelower cylinder .13, the said cylindrical portion 23 being secured tothe above parts by means of bolts 23 running through cored bosses 24 and secured to the frame of the engine, not shown. The extensions 29 and 30 are box-like members providing longitudinal channel passages 31 and 32 closed atthe top by partitions 28 formed integrally with cylinder 13' and also closed at the bottom by corresponding partitions 28'. These passages ,open through semi-circular ports 33 at their lower ends into crank chamber 34 and at their upper ends through square ports 35 into the valve chamber between cylinders 10 and 13, and below partition 14:. The extension 26" incloses an admission chamber 26 connected by admission port 27 with cam bureter mechanism of well known construction, not shown, the chamber 26 be ng closed at the top and bottom by partitions 28".

The manner in which the admission port is brought into communication with the crank chamber through the passages 31 and 32 forms an important part of our invention and will be hereinafter more particularly described. It is to be noted that the lower portion of the crank chamber is formed by a cap 20 provided with flange 19 by which said cap is bolted to flange 18 on the cylinder portion 13. lhe extension 27 pro vides a pasageway 270 in open communication at its top with the exhaust chamber 24 for a purpose which will later be described.

The cylinder walls 13 and 13' are spaced apart so asto provide an annular port 37 above the partitions 28 which is in communication with the exhaust chamber 24. The cylinder 10 is of such diameter less than that of cylinders 13 and 13' as to leave an annular space between its outer wall and the inner wall of the cylinders 13 and 13. Annular exhaust ports 36 leading into this valve chamber extend through the walls of cylinder 10 below the partitions 14, the lower edges of the ports 36 being in the plane of the outer edge of the port 37 so that ports 36 and port 37 respectively, open in difierent planes or are offset from one another. Other ports 38, similar to ports 36 but spaced lower on the cylinder 10, alsoconnect the valve chamber with the combustien chamber 11, the bridging portions 39 of cylinder Wall being made just large enough to give the entire cylinder structure suflicient ri 'dity. Within the aforesaid valve chamber formed between the cylinders 10 and 13 below partition 14 is our improved sleeve valve which comprises an upper portion having a top wall 40, side walls 41 and 42, the said wall 42 being provided with a channeled portion for receiving a packing ring 43. The side wall 41 is formed with a beveled lower portion 45 extending into a flange-like lip 46 spaced from the lower end of wall 42 to provide a port 47 into the annular chamber 48 thus formed within the walls 40, 41, 42, and 45. Below partition 28 the admission chamber 26 opens through' a port 49 into the valve chamber. The port extends through wall 13 and is positioned so as to register at the proper moment in the cycle of operations with port 47 whereby the charging mixture from the carbureter is admitted within the annular passage way 48. As clearly indicated in Figs. 4 and 5, theopening 50 from the passageway 48- into the valve chamber is at a point positioned diametrically opposite to the admission port 27 so that the cool charging mixture must pass entirely .around through the passage 48 and beneath the top plate 40, which is that part of the valve next to the hot flame, before escaping into the valve chamber, and from thence through ports 35, passages 31 and 32 and ports 33 into the crank chamber. Connected to the above described upper portion of the sleeve valve by means of posts'5l is a lower cylindrical sleeve section 5-2 having a depending annular portion 53, said portion being provided at one side with an annular port 54 adapted to register with a port 55 opening through cylinder wall 13 to the outside atmosphere. The valve portion 52 is provided with a packing ring 56 at one side and engages a broad spring ring 57 set in a groove in the cylinder wall. 10 on the other side. lhe wall 41 of the upper valve portion also engages a similarpacking ring 58. By these means, the upper end lower sections of the sleeve valve form a gas-tight closure in the valve chamber with an intermediate space 60 between said valve sect-ions. On the quadrants of the valve memberat right angles tolthe posts 51, the connecting posts are formed with journals -61 :t'orreceiving pins 623extending through ports 35 into chambers 31 and 32, said pins being pivotally connected with rods 63, within chambers 31 and 32 to eccentrics 64, on the crank shaft 21. The position of these eccentrics relative to that of the piston rod 65 is clearly shown in Fig. 1 in which exhaust and charging have just taken place and the piston has begun the compression stroke, the sleeve valve having been moved sufiiciently. to cover the exhaust ports 37 and the piston sufliciently to cover the admission ports 38. Continued revolution of the crank shaft for 180 during which complete compression and explosion will have taken place,--w ill, through eccentrics 64, move the sleeve valve so as to open communication between ports 49 and 47 to permit the drawing in of the charge of explosive mixture from the carbureter through passage 48 opening into intermediate valve passage 60, ports 35 opening into passages 31 and 32, and through said passages and ports 33 opening into the crank chamber; such revolution having opened and closed the ports 49 and 47 bringing the valve member back to the position shown in Fig. 1 but moving in the opposite direction. Explosion will have just taken place and continued rotation of the crank shaft to the outward extent of the stroke, as shown 12( in Fig. 3, will have moved the valve member downward until it uncovers exhaust ports 37 somewhat before the piston has uncovered admission ports 38. At the same moment, therefore, the gases of combustion 12 will complete the exhaust through ports 36 which began when ports 37 were first uncovered by sleeve wall 42, and the explosive mixture compressed in the crank chamber will be forced through ports 33, passages 13 31 and 32, ports 35, intermediate passage 60, and ports 38, into the combustion chamber 11. The exhaust gases flow outwardly through ports 36 from said chamber in all directions and the combustion mixtureflows inwardly through ports 38 the exhaust and charging gases flowing in diametrically opposite directions through their respective ports, said combustion gases being deflected upwardly by a conical projection 66 positioned at the center of the piston head. Continued revolution of the crank shaft will bring the parts again to the position shown in Fig. l in which admission and exhaust ports are closed and compression has once more taken place.-

It will be noted that the throw of the .valve sleeve is very small, being approximately, in a practical construction one-sixth of thethrow of the piston. That is, where the piston moves three inches the valve will move but one-half of, an inch. A feature of importance of the'engine is the provision of means for causing the mixture of gas from the carbureter to flow through the valve member most exposed. to the hot gases of combustion, thereby constantly cooling said valve member. Additional cooling and scav engering means are provided through the operation of the portion of the piston 22. A port. 67 and passage way 68 connect the passage way 270 from the exhaust' chamber 24 withthe space betweenpiston cylinder 12. when in its lowered position, and cylinder 13. This port, as well as ports 54 and 55, is controlled by the lower portion 53 of the valve member. As shown in Fig. '1, port 67 is about to open and as piston portion 22 makes the up-stroke, air will be forced through port 67 and passage 68 into and through the exhaust chamber 24 driving out all exhaust gases and cooling the parts of the valve member adjacent port 37 In the position in which the crank shaft is] advanced 180 from that shown in Fig. 1 when the valve member is descending, ports 55 and 54 are about to be opened for admitting air between piston cylinder 12 and cylinder l3. This continued flow of explosive mixture on the one hand through passage 4:8 and atmospheric air on the other hand through combustion chamber 24 in connectionwvith the usual water circulation in chamber 15, will be ample to keep the parts cooled to the desired extent. There is a further advantage in carrying theexplosive mixture through passage 48 through the fact that it becomes heated to the de sired extent as it flows from the carbureter and a more perfect gaseous mixture results. For convenience in obtaining access to the mounting of the valve, if desired, the plugs 69 may be-screwed into the casing extensions 29 and 30 adjacent the bearings 62.

The simplicity of our invention will be there are but six movable parts to mission ports )iston 12 and the valve member consistim b of the integrally united upper and lower portions 40 and 52 thereof. The piston has the usual single connecting rod secured in the well known manner to opposite points in the wall of the piston cylinder while the valve member is moved by correspondingly attached means consisting of the two eccentric rods 63. Counting the piston rod crank shaft and eccentric rods, therefore, the applicants complete engine. With this device, it is possible for the admission to be well below the cylinder exhaust, and since both exhaust and admission ports are practically annular throughout the circumference of the combustion cylinder the' fresh charge will be blown to thecenter of said chamber effectively scavengering the same so that practically very little of the gases of combustion will remain in the combustion chamber and none of the QXPlOSlWE mixture will escape therefrom.

It is to be particularly noted that the admission ports 38 into the inner cylinder are similar to the exhaust ports 36, both being completely annular except for the short sections 39 which tie the upper and lower parts of the cylinder walltogether. Moreover, since the closing of the exhaust is through the slidable valve member only and the opening thereofiseffected by or related to the piston itself, it is practicable and one of the features bf our invention to place the' exhaust ports Well up in the combustion chamber and somewhat removed from the admission ports 38 so that the exhaust ports will be fully opened and exhaust from the combustion chamber practically complete before the admission ports have begun to open, and: the exhaust ports 37 will be completely closed by the sleeve valve before the adare' entirely closed. This absolutely prevents thegases of combustion being presented to the portsextending into communication with the compres-' sion chamber or crank chamber in any high state of compression. Consequently such gases are always excluded from the compression chamber and the passages leadingthercto. This is a very important feature,'as one of the chief objections to the two-cycle engine hasv been inability to prevent mixing of gases of combustion and explosive compound and also waste of unburned mixture blowing out through the exhaust ports, which is impossible in our engine for the reasons stated and because the exhaust ports are closed before compression in the combustion chamber begins to take place. It will be noted, as shown in Fig. 3, that the valve member has started on its upward 35 ports in the inner course so that the ports 37 are already halt closed by the timethat the piston 12 has fully uncovered the ports 38.

We claim 1. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with a series of exhaust ports circumferentiallydisposed in a given plane around the cylinder, and a correspondingly positioned series of admission ports circumferentially disposed in a different plane spaced from the plane of the exhaust ports, both series of ports being controlled by the piston, a unitary cylindrical member surrounding said cylinder, and means to move the member endwise' to open and close the ports.

2. An explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder, the inner wall thereof being provided with a series of annular exhaust ports and corresponding annular admission ports, the outer wall having annular admission ports and having exhaust.

ports positioned outof the plane of the exhaust ports in the inner wall, a cylindrical member positioned between the two walls,

and means to move the member to open and close the ports.

3. An explosiveiengine comprising a double walled cylinder, the inner wall'thereof being provided with a series of annular ex'- haust port-sand corresponding annular admission ports, the outer wall having annular admission ports and having exhaust ports positioned out of the plane of the exhaust wall, a cylindrical. meniber positioned between the two walls, and means to move the member to open and close 'the'ports in the outer wall.

4. An explosive engine comprising a cyl- 40 inder provided with an annular exhaust port and an annular admission portbelow the exhaust port, said ports being successively opened and successively closed by the piston, a sleeve valve movable endwise across said ports to close the admission port and open the exhaust port and close the exhaust port and open the admission port by its successive movements, and means to move the sleeve valve. r 5. An explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports through said walls, a sleeve valve between thewalls formed with top and side walls, and an annular passageway extending circumferentlally bet-ween said side sleeve walls through which the admission gases will flow, and means to operate the valve. 0

6. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports, a casing forming a crank chamber directly connected with the interior of the cylinder below the-piston and having pas sages connecting said crank chamber with the admission ports, a cylindrical member walls for opening and roeaari outside of the cylinder for opening and closng the ports, and means having connection with the crank shaftand operating within said passages for moving said member.

7. An explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports, a casing forming a crank chamber directly connected with the interior of the cylinder below the piston and having passages connecting said crank chamber with the admission ports, a cylindrical member outside of the cylinder for opening and closing the ports, eccentrics on the crank shaft, and eccentric rods therefrom connected to the member for reciprocating the same.

8. An explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder, the inner wall inclosing the explosion chamber and the outer wall being extended down to form the crank chamber, admission and exhaust ports in said walls, a cylindrical member between the walls for opening and closing the exhaust ports, a casing outside of the outer wall providing a passage connecting the crank chamber with the space between the cylinder walls and means extending from the crank chamber through said passage and connected with the cylindrical member to move the same.

9. An explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder, the inner wall inclosing the explosion chamber and the outer wall being extended down to form the crank chamber, admission and exhaust ports in said walls, a cylindrical member between the closing the exhaust ports, a casing on opposite sides of the outer wall forming passage ways connecting the crank chamber with the space between said walls of the cylinder, eccentrics on the crank shaft, and eccentric rods within said passage ways connected to said cylindrical member at opposite sides thereof for'reciprocating the same to open and close the orts. I

10. A twocycle explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports having an annular inclosed passage way extending circumferentially there- 11: in through which the-admission gases must flow, and means to move the valve.

11. A two cycle explosive engine comprisinga double walled cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports extending 12 through the walls thereof, a sleeve valve positioned between said walls provided with an inclosed passage way extending circumferentially therein through which the admission gases must flow, and means'to move 12 the sleeve valve to open and close the ports.

12. A two cycle explosive engine comprisinga doublewalled cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports, one of said walls being extended and closed at the bot- 1 ing at a point spaced above said crank chamsleeve valve being formed with an annular passage way, means constraining the admission gases to flow through said passage way and the space between the portions of the sleeve valve to enter the'crank chamber of the engine, and meansto move the sleeve valve.

13. A two cycle explosive engine comprising a double'walled cylinder, the outer wall of which is extended downwardly to form the crank chamber, the inner wall terminatber, a compound cylindrical piston having portions engaging both of said walls, a casing outside of the outer wall providing an exhaust chamber, said outer wall being provided with an air admission port into the space between the smaller part of said piston and said outer wall and a second port leading to said exhaust chamber, and a valve member between said walls operative to open and close the ports in timed succession whereby the outer portion of said piston will operate to force air through said exhaust chamber.

14. A two cycle explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder, the outer wall of which extends downwardly to form a crank chamber, admission and exhaust ports from theexplosion chamber opening into the space between the walls, admission and exhaust ports opening through the outer wall from said space between the walls, a chambered sleeve valve adapted to open and close said ports in the outer walls, and means for causing the admission gases to flow so as to cool the hottest portion of said sleeve valve.

15. A two cycle explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports having an annular inclosed passageway extending circumferentially therein throu h which the admission gases must flow,saic l passageway bein in that part of the sleeve valve which is a jacent to the exhaust port, and means to move the valve.

16. A two cycle explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder provided with admission and exhaust ports in both walls, a sleeve valve for controlling said ports positioned in the opening between the walls, said sleeve having a top wall over which the exhaust gases must pass and being formed with a circumferential passageway in contact with said top wall means for causing the admissiomgases to flow through said passageway, and means to move the valve.

17. A two cycle explosive engine comprisin a double walled cylinder, a casing outside 0 the outer wall formed with separated exinto the admission chamber, a cylindrical and exhaust ports,

haust and admission chambers, exhaust and admission ports through the inner wall to the space between the walls, an exhaust port into the exhaust chamber, an admission port valve member between the walls provided with a circumferential passageway therein, said passageway having a port at one side thereof adapted to register with the port to the admission chamber, and an outlet port diametrically opposite thereto, and means to move the valve.

18. A two cycle explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder provided with corresponding annular exhaust and admission ports through the inner wall thereof, a casing outside of the outer wall forming a circumferential exhaust chamber a casing extension forming an admission chamber, an uninterrupted annular exhaust port through the outer wall into the exhaust chamber, an admission port through the outer wall into the admission chamber, a valve member between the walls, and means to move the member to open and close the last named ports in timed succession.

19. A two cycle explosive engine comprising a double walled cylinder provided with corresponding annular exhaust and admission ports through the inner wall thereof, a casing outside of the outer wall forming a circumferential exhaust chamber a casing extension forming an admission chamber, an uninterrupted annular exhaust port through the outer wall into the exhaust chamber, an, admission port through the outer wallinto the admission chamber, a cylindrical valve member between the walls having an annular passage therein, said pas' saigebeing provided with a port adapted to register with the port into the admission chamber, and means to reciprocate the valve member to control said exhaust and admission ports.

A two cycle explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with admission a casing forming a crank chamber direotl connected with the interior of the cylinder below the piston and having passages connecting said crank with the admission ports, drica'l member outside of ing the space between said parts in communication with said assages from the crank chamber, said cylin rical member being pro- 1 vided with an annular passageway opening into said intervening space at one point and having a port at a diametrically opposite point, means for conducting admission vgases to said last named one osition, and

a two-part cylinthe cylinder hava means to move the valve mem r to control said ports.

21. A two-cycle explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with annular g admission and exhaust ports one above (he no chamber 5 port when the same is in other and spaced apart in. fixed relation so that movement of the piston will open the exhaust ports in advance of opening the admission ports, and means independent of the piston for fully closing the exhaust ports before the admission ports are closed.

22. A two-cycle explosive .engine comprising a cylinder provided with annular admission and exhaust ports one above the other and spaced apart in fixed relation so that movement of the piston Will open the exhaust ports in advance of opening the admission ports, a movable member for closing the exhaust ports, and means to move said member positively to eifeet said closing before the admission ports are fully closed by the piston.

23. A two-cycle explosive engine comprising a cylinder provided with annular admission and exhaust ports one above the other and spaced apart so that movement of the piston Will open the exhaust ports in ad vance of opening the admission ports, a sleeve valve outside of the cylinder, and means to move the sleeve valve to close the 'exhaust ports before the piston has closed the admission ports.

24. A two-cycle explosive engine comprising a cylinder having admission ports opened and closed by the piston therein, means for conducting mixture from the carbureter to said cylinder including annular passageways extending adjacent said admission ports and separated thereit'rom and means timed to permit admission of mixture from the carbureter to the annular passageways only after the piston has moved up sufficiently to close said admission ports.

In testimony whereof we aflix our signatures in presence of two Witnesses.

ELLIS J. WUOLF JAY F. WOOLF. Witnesses as to signature of Ellis J. -Woolf:

F. A. WHI'I'ELEY, H. A. BOWMAN. Witnesses as to signature of Jay F. \Voolf:

Jivo. D. FARRAND, A. W. Beans. 

